finalcut/examples/string-operations.cpp

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/***********************************************************************
* string-operations.cpp - Demonstrates the functionality of FString *
* *
* This file is part of the Final Cut widget toolkit *
* *
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* Copyright 2012-2020 Markus Gans *
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* *
* The Final Cut is free software; you can redistribute it and/or *
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License *
* as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of *
* the License, or (at your option) any later version. *
* *
* The Final Cut is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, *
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of *
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the *
* GNU Lesser General Public License for more details. *
* *
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public *
* License along with this program. If not, see *
* <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. *
***********************************************************************/
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#include <langinfo.h>
#include <unistd.h>
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#include <clocale>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <final/final.h>
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// function prototype
void init();
void inputStreamExample();
void outputStreamExample();
void streamingIntoFStringExample();
void streamingFromFStringExample();
void streamToInterger();
void streamToUnsignedInterger();
void streamToDouble();
void streamToFloat();
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void CStringOutputExample();
void copyIntoFString();
void utf8StringOutputExample();
void letterCaseExample();
void stringConcatenationExample();
void stringCompareExample();
void stringSplittingExample();
void fromatStringExample();
void convertToNumberExample();
void convertNumberToStringExample();
void formatedNumberExample();
void trimExample();
void substringExample();
void insertExample();
void indexExample();
void iteratorExample();
void overwriteExample();
void removeExample();
void substringIncludeExample();
void replaceExample();
void tabToSpaceExample();
void backspaceControlCharacterExample();
void deleteControlCharacterExample();
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// functions
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void init()
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{
std::cout << "----------------[ terminal ]-------------------"
<< std::endl;
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// init current locale
std::cout << " Locale: " << std::setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "")
<< std::endl;
if ( isatty(1) && ! std::strcmp(nl_langinfo(CODESET), "ANSI_X3.4-1968") )
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{
// locale C -> switch from 7bit ascii -> latin1
std::setlocale(LC_ALL, "C");
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}
std::cout << " Codeset: " << nl_langinfo(CODESET) << std::endl;
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std::cout << "--------------[ FString test ]-----------------"
<< std::endl;
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void inputStreamExample()
{
// Test: input stream (operator >>)
finalcut::FString in;
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std::cout << " Input: ";
std::cin >> in;
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std::cout << " instream >> " << in << std::endl;
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void outputStreamExample()
{
// Test: output stream (operator <<)
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const finalcut::FString out{L"A test string for 0 \x20ac"};
std::cout << " outstream << " << out << std::endl;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void streamingIntoFStringExample()
{
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// Test: Streaming into a FString (operator <<)...
// ...from FStrings
finalcut::FString streamer1;
streamer1 << finalcut::FString("FStr") << finalcut::FString("ing");
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std::cout << " stream in: " << streamer1 << std::endl;
// ...from c++ wide string
finalcut::FString streamer2;
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streamer2 << std::wstring(L"std::wstring");
std::cout << " stream in: " << streamer2 << std::endl;
// ...from wide string
finalcut::FString streamer3;
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wchar_t* wchar_str{const_cast<wchar_t*>(L"wchar_t*")};
streamer3 << wchar_str;
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std::cout << " stream in: " << streamer3 << std::endl;
// ...from c++ string
finalcut::FString streamer4;
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streamer4 << std::string("std::string");
std::cout << " stream in: " << streamer4 << std::endl;
// ...from c-string
finalcut::FString streamer5;
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char* char_str{C_STR("char*")};
streamer5 << char_str;
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std::cout << " stream in: " << streamer5 << std::endl;
// ...from wide character
finalcut::FString streamer6;
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streamer6 << wchar_t(L'w');
std::cout << " stream in: " << streamer6 << std::endl;
// ...from character
finalcut::FString streamer7;
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streamer7 << char('c');
std::cout << " stream in: " << streamer7 << std::endl;
// ...from interger
finalcut::FString streamer8;
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streamer8 << int(-12345);
std::cout << " stream in: " << streamer8 << std::endl;
// ...from unsigned interger
finalcut::FString streamer9;
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streamer9 << uInt(54321);
std::cout << " stream in: " << streamer9 << std::endl;
// ...from long double
finalcut::FString streamer10;
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streamer10 << lDouble(0.333333333333333333L);
std::cout << " stream in: " << streamer10 << std::endl;
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// ...from double
finalcut::FString streamer11;
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streamer11 << double(0.11111111111);
std::cout << " stream in: " << streamer11 << std::endl;
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// ...from float
finalcut::FString streamer12;
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streamer12 << float(0.22222222);
std::cout << " stream in: " << streamer12 << std::endl;
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void streamingFromFStringExample()
{
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// Test: Streaming from a FString (operator >>)...
// ...to FStrings
finalcut::FString stream_fstring;
finalcut::FString("FString") >> stream_fstring;
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std::cout << "stream out: " << stream_fstring << std::endl;
// ...to c++ wide string
std::wstring stream_wstring;
finalcut::FString("std::wstring") >> stream_wstring;
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std::wcout << "stream out: " << stream_wstring << std::endl;
// ...to wide character
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wchar_t stream_wchar_t{L'\0'};
finalcut::FString("w") >> stream_wchar_t;
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std::wcout << "stream out: " << stream_wchar_t << std::endl;
// ...to character
char stream_char;
finalcut::FString('c') >> stream_char;
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std::cout << "stream out: " << stream_char << std::endl;
// ...to interger
streamToInterger();
// ...to unsigned interger
streamToUnsignedInterger();
// ...to double
streamToDouble();
// ...to float
streamToFloat();
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void streamToInterger()
{
// Streaming from a FString to interger
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try
{
int stream_int;
finalcut::FString("-321") >> stream_int;
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std::cout << "stream out: " << stream_int << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::invalid_argument& ex)
{
std::cerr << "Invalid argument: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::overflow_error& ex)
{
std::cerr << "overflow: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::exception& ex)
{
std::cerr << "Arithmetic error: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void streamToUnsignedInterger()
{
// Streaming from a FString to unsigned interger
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try
{
uInt stream_uint;
finalcut::FString("123") >> stream_uint;
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std::cout << "stream out: " << stream_uint << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::invalid_argument& ex)
{
std::cerr << "Invalid argument: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::overflow_error& ex)
{
std::cerr << "overflow: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::exception& ex)
{
std::cerr << "Arithmetic error: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void streamToDouble()
{
// Streaming from a FString to double
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try
{
double stream_double;
finalcut::FString("0.123456e+2") >> stream_double;
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std::cout << "stream out: " << stream_double << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::invalid_argument& ex)
{
std::cerr << "Invalid argument: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::exception& ex)
{
std::cerr << "Arithmetic error: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void streamToFloat()
{
// Streaming from a FString to float
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try
{
float stream_float;
finalcut::FString("0.123e-3") >> stream_float;
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std::cout << "stream out: " << stream_float << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::invalid_argument& ex)
{
std::cerr << "Invalid argument: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::exception& ex)
{
std::cerr << "Arithmetic error: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void CStringOutputExample()
{
// Test: c-string output
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const finalcut::FString out{L"A test string for 0 \x20ac"};
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printf (" c_str: \"%s\"\n", out.c_str());
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void copyIntoFString()
{
// Test: copy a c++ string
const finalcut::FString& cpp_str( std::string("c++ String") );
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std::cout << " cpp_str: \"" << cpp_str << "\"" << std::endl;
// Test: copy a character
const finalcut::FString ch('c');
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std::cout << " char: '" << ch << "'" << std::endl;
// Test: copy a wide character
const finalcut::FString wch(L'w');
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std::cout << " wchar_t: '" << wch << "'" << std::endl;
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void utf8StringOutputExample()
{
// Test: utf-8 string
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const finalcut::FString len{"длина́"};
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std::cout << " length: \"" << len << "\" has "
<< len.getLength() << " characters" << std::endl;
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void letterCaseExample()
{
// Test: convert uppercase letter to lowercase
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const finalcut::FString lower{finalcut::FString(L"InPut").toLower()};
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std::wcout << L" toLower: " << lower << std::endl;
// Test: convert lowercase letter to uppercase
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const finalcut::FString upper{finalcut::FString("inPut").toUpper()};
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std::cout << " toUpper: " << upper << std::endl;
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void stringConcatenationExample()
{
// Test: concatenate two FStrings (operator +)
const finalcut::FString& add1 = finalcut::FString("FString + ")
+ finalcut::FString("FString");
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std::cout << " add: " << add1 << std::endl;
// Test: concatenate a FString and a c++ wide string (operator +)
const finalcut::FString& add2 = finalcut::FString("FString + ")
+ std::wstring(L"std::wstring");
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std::cout << " add: " << add2 << std::endl;
// Test: concatenate a FString and a wide string (operator +)
const finalcut::FString& add3 = finalcut::FString("FString + ")
+ const_cast<wchar_t*>(L"wchar_t*");
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std::cout << " add: " << add3 << std::endl;
// Test: concatenate a FString and a c++ string (operator +)
const finalcut::FString& add4 = finalcut::FString("FString + ")
+ std::string("std::string");
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std::cout << " add: " << add4 << std::endl;
// Test: concatenate a FString and a c-string (operator +)
const finalcut::FString& add5 = finalcut::FString("FString + ")
+ const_cast<char*>("char*");
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std::cout << " add: " << add5 << std::endl;
// Test: concatenate a FString and a wide character (operator +)
const finalcut::FString& add6 = finalcut::FString("FString + ")
+ wchar_t(L'w');
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std::cout << " add: " << add6 << std::endl;
// Test: concatenate a FString and a character (operator +)
const finalcut::FString& add7 = finalcut::FString("FString + ")
+ char('c');
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std::cout << " add: " << add7 << std::endl;
// Test: concatenate a character and a FString (operator +)
const finalcut::FString& add8 = 'c' + finalcut::FString(" + FString");
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std::cout << " add: " << add8 << std::endl;
// Test: concatenate a wide character and a FString (operator +)
const finalcut::FString& add9 = L'w' + finalcut::FString(" + FString");
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std::cout << " add: " << add9 << std::endl;
// Test: concatenate a c-string and a FString (operator +)
const finalcut::FString& add10 = const_cast<char*>("char*")
+ finalcut::FString(" + FString");
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std::cout << " add: " << add10 << std::endl;
// Test: concatenate a c++ string and a FString (operator +)
const finalcut::FString& add11 = std::string("std::string")
+ finalcut::FString(" + FString");
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std::cout << " add: " << add11 << std::endl;
// Test: concatenate a wide string and a FString (operator +)
const finalcut::FString& add12 = const_cast<wchar_t*>(L"wchar_t*")
+ finalcut::FString(" + FString");
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std::cout << " add: " << add12 << std::endl;
// Test: concatenate a c++ wide string and a FString (operator +)
const finalcut::FString& add13 = std::wstring(L"std::wstring")
+ finalcut::FString(" + FString");
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std::cout << " add: " << add13 << std::endl;
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void stringCompareExample()
{
// Test: compare operators ==, <=, <, >=, >, !=
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const finalcut::FString cmp{"compare"};
if ( cmp == finalcut::FString("compare") )
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std::cout << " cmp: == Ok" << std::endl;
else
std::cout << " cmp: == Not Ok" << std::endl;
if ( cmp <= finalcut::FString("d_compare") )
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std::cout << " cmp: <= Ok" << std::endl;
else
std::cout << " cmp: <= Not Ok" << std::endl;
if ( cmp < finalcut::FString("e_compare") )
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std::cout << " cmp: < Ok" << std::endl;
else
std::cout << " cmp: < Not Ok" << std::endl;
if ( cmp >= finalcut::FString("b_compare") )
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std::cout << " cmp: >= Ok" << std::endl;
else
std::cout << " cmp: >= Not Ok" << std::endl;
if ( cmp > finalcut::FString("a_compare") )
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std::cout << " cmp: > Ok" << std::endl;
else
std::cout << " cmp: > Not Ok" << std::endl;
if ( cmp != finalcut::FString("equal") )
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std::cout << " cmp: != Ok" << std::endl;
else
std::cout << " cmp: != Not Ok" << std::endl;
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void stringSplittingExample()
{
// Test: split a string with a delimiter and returns a vector (array)
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finalcut::FString split_str{"a,b,c,d"};
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std::cout << " split: \""
<< split_str << "\" into substrings ->";
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finalcut::FStringList parts{ split_str.split(",") };
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finalcut::FStringList::iterator it;
finalcut::FStringList::iterator end;
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end = parts.end();
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for (it = parts.begin(); it != end; ++it)
std::cout << " \"" << (*it) << "\"";
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std::cout << std::endl;
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void fromatStringExample()
{
// Test: format a string with sprintf
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finalcut::FString formatStr{""};
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std::cout << " formatted: "
<< formatStr.sprintf("sqrt(%d) = %d", 16, 4)
<< std::endl;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void convertToNumberExample()
{
// Test: convert a string to a unsigned long interger
try
{
const uLong ulong_num = finalcut::FString("123456789").toULong();
std::cout << " toULong: " << ulong_num << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::invalid_argument& ex)
{
std::cerr << "Invalid argument: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::exception& ex)
{
std::cerr << "Arithmetic error: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
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// Test: convert a string to a signed long interger
try
{
const long long_num = finalcut::FString("-9876543210").toLong();
std::cout << " toLong: " << long_num << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::invalid_argument& ex)
{
std::cerr << "Invalid argument: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::exception& ex)
{
std::cerr << "Arithmetic error: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
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// Test: convert a string to a double value
std::setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
try
{
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const double double_num = \
finalcut::FString("2.7182818284590452353").toDouble();
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std::ios_base::fmtflags save_flags = std::cout.flags();
std::cout << " toDouble: " << std::setprecision(11)
<< double_num << std::endl;
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std::cout.flags(save_flags);
}
catch (const std::invalid_argument& ex)
{
std::cerr << "Invalid argument: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::exception& ex)
{
std::cerr << "Arithmetic error: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void convertNumberToStringExample()
{
// Test: convert integer and double value to a string
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finalcut::FString num1{};
finalcut::FString num2{};
finalcut::FString num3{};
num1.setNumber(137U);
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num2.setNumber(-512);
num3.setNumber(3.141592653589793238L, 12);
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std::cout << " setNumber: "
<< num1 << " (unsigned)" << std::endl;
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std::cout << " setNumber: "
<< num2 << " (signed)" << std::endl;
std::cout << " setNumber: "
<< num3 << " (long double)" << std::endl;
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void formatedNumberExample()
{
// Test: convert and format a integer number with thousand separator
std::setlocale (LC_NUMERIC, "");
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finalcut::FString fnum1{};
finalcut::FString fnum2{};
#if defined(__LP64__) || defined(_LP64)
// 64-bit architecture
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fnum1.setFormatedNumber(0xffffffffffffffffU, '\'');
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fnum2.setFormatedNumber(-9223372036854775807);
#else
// 32-bit architecture
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fnum1.setFormatedNumber(0xffffffffU, '\'');
fnum2.setFormatedNumber(-2147483647);
#endif
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std::cout << "setFormatedNumber: "
<< fnum1 << " (unsigned)" << std::endl;
std::cout << "setFormatedNumber: "
<< fnum2 << " (signed)" << std::endl;
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void trimExample()
{
// Test: remove whitespace from the end of a string
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const finalcut::FString& trim_str{" A string \t"};
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std::wcout << " rtrim: \""
<< trim_str.rtrim() << "\"" << std::endl;
// Test: remove whitespace from the beginning of a string
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std::cout << " ltrim: \""
<< trim_str.ltrim() << "\"" << std::endl;
// Test: remove whitespace from the beginning and end of a string
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std::cout << " trim: \""
<< trim_str.trim() << "\"" << std::endl;
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void substringExample()
{
// Test: 11 characters from the left of the string
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const finalcut::FString alphabet{ "a b c d e f g h i j k l m "
"n o p q r s t u v w x y z" };
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std::cout << " left: \""
<< alphabet.left(11) << "\"" << std::endl;
// Test: extract a substring of 27 characters from position 12
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std::cout << " mid: \""
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<< alphabet.mid(13, 27) << "\"" << std::endl;
// Test: 11 characters from the right of the string
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std::cout << " right: \""
<< alphabet.right(11) << "\"" << std::endl;
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void insertExample()
{
// Test: insert a string at index position 7
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finalcut::FString insert_str{"I am a string"};
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try
{
std::cout << " insert: "
<< insert_str.insert("changed ", 7) << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::out_of_range& ex)
{
std::cerr << "Out of Range error: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void indexExample()
{
// Test: get character access at a specified index position
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finalcut::FString index{5}; // string with five characters
index.setString("index");
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try
{
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index[0] = L'I'; // write a wide character at position 0
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printf ( " index: [0] = %c ; [4] = %c\n"
, char(index[0])
, char(index[4]) );
}
catch (const std::out_of_range& ex)
{
std::cerr << "Out of Range error: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void iteratorExample()
{
// Test: character access with std::iterator
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const finalcut::FString stringIterator{"iterator"};
finalcut::FString::const_iterator iter;
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iter = stringIterator.begin();
std::cout << " " << stringIterator << ": ";
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while ( iter != stringIterator.end() )
{
std::cout << char(*iter) << "|";
++iter;
}
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std::cout << " (front='" << char(stringIterator.front())
<< "', back='" << char(stringIterator.back())
<< "')" << std::endl;
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void overwriteExample()
{
// Test: overwrite string at position 10 with "for t"
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finalcut::FString overwrite_std{"Overwrite the rest"};
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std::cout << "overwrite: "
<< overwrite_std.overwrite("for t", 10) << std::endl;
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void removeExample()
{
// Test: remove 2 characters at position 7
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finalcut::FString remove_std{"A fast remove"};
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std::cout << " remove: "
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<< remove_std.remove(7, 2) << std::endl;
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void substringIncludeExample()
{
// Test: includes a substring (positive test)
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finalcut::FString include_std{"string"};
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if ( include_std.includes("ring") )
std::cout << " includes: \""
<< include_std << "\" includes \"ring\" "
<< std::endl;
else
std::cout << " includes: \""
<< include_std << "\" includes no \"ring\" "
<< std::endl;
// Test: includes a substring (negativ test)
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if ( include_std.includes("data") )
std::cout << " includes: \""
<< include_std << "\" includes \"data\" "
<< std::endl;
else
std::cout << " includes: \""
<< include_std << "\" includes no \"data\" "
<< std::endl;
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void replaceExample()
{
// Test: find and replace a substring
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finalcut::FString source_str{"computer and software"};
const finalcut::FString& replace_str = \
source_str.replace("computer", "hard-");
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std::cout << " replace: "
<< replace_str << std::endl;
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void tabToSpaceExample()
{
// Test: convert tabs to spaces
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const finalcut::FString tab_str{"1234\t5678"};
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std::cout << " tab: "
<< tab_str.expandTabs() << std::endl;
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void backspaceControlCharacterExample()
{
// Test: backspaces remove characters in the string
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const finalcut::FString bs_str{"t\b\bTesT\bt"};
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std::cout << "backspace: "
<< bs_str.removeBackspaces() << std::endl;
}
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void deleteControlCharacterExample()
{
// Test: delete characters remove characters in the string
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const finalcut::FString del_str{"apple \177\177\177pietree"};
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std::cout << " delete: "
<< del_str.removeDel() << std::endl;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// main part
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
int main (int, char**)
{
init();
// Some FString examples
inputStreamExample();
outputStreamExample();
streamingIntoFStringExample();
streamingFromFStringExample();
CStringOutputExample();
copyIntoFString();
utf8StringOutputExample();
letterCaseExample();
stringConcatenationExample();
stringCompareExample();
stringSplittingExample();
fromatStringExample();
convertToNumberExample();
convertNumberToStringExample();
formatedNumberExample();
trimExample();
substringExample();
insertExample();
indexExample();
iteratorExample();
overwriteExample();
removeExample();
substringIncludeExample();
replaceExample();
tabToSpaceExample();
backspaceControlCharacterExample();
deleteControlCharacterExample();
}