diff --git a/ChangeLog b/ChangeLog
index ab9bee17..6a5096e1 100644
--- a/ChangeLog
+++ b/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+2017-09-09  Markus Gans  <guru.mail@muenster.de>
+	* Wrong UTF-8 string length fixed when attaching to FString
+
 2017-09-07  Markus Gans  <guru.mail@muenster.de>
 	* Type definition exported into a separate header file
 
diff --git a/src/ffiledialog.cpp b/src/ffiledialog.cpp
index c7b56994..8a245f44 100644
--- a/src/ffiledialog.cpp
+++ b/src/ffiledialog.cpp
@@ -735,8 +735,8 @@ int FFileDialog::changeDir (const FString& dirname)
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 void FFileDialog::printPath (const FString& txt)
 {
-  FString path = txt;
-  uInt max_width = uInt(filebrowser->getWidth()) - 4;
+  const FString& path = txt;
+  const uInt max_width = uInt(filebrowser->getWidth()) - 4;
 
   if ( path.getLength() > max_width )
     filebrowser->setText(".." + path.right(max_width - 2));
@@ -773,7 +773,7 @@ void FFileDialog::cb_processActivate (FWidget*, data_ptr)
     if ( ! dir_entries.empty() )
     {
       std::vector<dir_entry>::const_iterator iter, end;
-      FString input = filename->getText().trim();
+      const FString& input = filename->getText().trim();
       iter = dir_entries.begin();
       end = dir_entries.end();
 
@@ -800,12 +800,12 @@ void FFileDialog::cb_processActivate (FWidget*, data_ptr)
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 void FFileDialog::cb_processRowChanged (FWidget*, data_ptr)
 {
-  int n = filebrowser->currentItem();
+  const int n = filebrowser->currentItem();
 
   if ( n == 0 )
     return;
 
-  FString name = dir_entries[uLong(n - 1)].name;
+  const FString& name = dir_entries[uLong(n - 1)].name;
 
   if ( dir_entries[uLong(n - 1)].type == DT_DIR )
     filename->setText( name + '/' );
@@ -818,7 +818,7 @@ void FFileDialog::cb_processRowChanged (FWidget*, data_ptr)
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 void FFileDialog::cb_processClicked (FWidget*, data_ptr)
 {
-  uLong n = uLong(filebrowser->currentItem() - 1);
+  const uLong n = uLong(filebrowser->currentItem() - 1);
 
   if ( dir_entries[n].type == DT_DIR )
     changeDir(dir_entries[n].name);
diff --git a/src/flistview.cpp b/src/flistview.cpp
index 973b5c33..2219d08c 100644
--- a/src/flistview.cpp
+++ b/src/flistview.cpp
@@ -156,9 +156,9 @@ void FListViewItem::setText (int column, const FString& text)
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 void FListViewItem::insert (FListViewItem* child)
 {
-   // Add a FListViewItem as child element
-   if ( ! child || ! hasChildren() )
-     return;
+  // Add a FListViewItem as child element
+  if ( ! child || ! hasChildren() )
+    return;
 
   addChild (child);
   expandable = true;
@@ -190,8 +190,8 @@ int FListViewItem::getVisibleLines()
 
   if ( ! isExpand() || ! hasChildren() )
   {
-     visible_lines = 1;
-     return visible_lines;
+    visible_lines = 1;
+    return visible_lines;
   }
 
   FObjectList children = this->getChildren();
@@ -354,7 +354,6 @@ void FListView::insert (FListViewItem* item)
   {
     int width = (*iter).width;
     bool fixed_width = (*iter).fixed_width;
-    FString text = (*iter).name;
 
     if ( ! fixed_width )
     {
@@ -1129,7 +1128,7 @@ void FListView::drawColumnLabels()
 
   while ( iter != header.end() )
   {
-    FString text = (*iter).name;
+    const FString& text = (*iter).name;
     int width = (*iter).width;
     int column_width;
 
@@ -1158,8 +1157,8 @@ void FListView::drawColumnLabels()
       if ( txt_length + tailing_space < uInt(column_width) )
       {
         setColor();
-        FString line ( uInt(column_width) - tailing_space - txt_length
-                     , wchar_t(fc::BoxDrawingsHorizontal) );
+        const FString line ( uInt(column_width) - tailing_space - txt_length
+                           , wchar_t(fc::BoxDrawingsHorizontal) );
         headerline << line;  // horizontal line
       }
     }
@@ -1254,6 +1253,11 @@ void FListView::drawList()
     // print the entry
     FString line = " ";
 
+    if ( tree_view /*&& (*iter)->expandable*/  )
+    {
+      line += "► ";
+    }
+
     // print columns
     if ( ! (*iter)->column_value.empty() )
     {
@@ -1261,7 +1265,8 @@ void FListView::drawList()
       {
         static const int leading_space = 1;
         static const int ellipsis_length = 2;
-        FString text = (*iter)->column_value[i];
+
+        const FString& text = (*iter)->column_value[i];
         int width = header[i].width;
         uInt txt_length = text.getLength();
         // Increment the value of i for the column position
@@ -1270,23 +1275,27 @@ void FListView::drawList()
         fc::text_alignment align = getColumnAlignment(int(i));
         uInt align_offset = getAlignOffset (align, txt_length, uInt(width));
 
+        // Insert alignment spaces
         if ( align_offset > 0 )
           line += FString(align_offset, ' ');
 
         if ( align_offset + txt_length <= uInt(width) )
         {
+          // Insert text and tailing space
           line += text.left(width);
           line += FString ( leading_space + width
                            - int(align_offset + txt_length), ' ');
         }
         else if ( align == fc::alignRight )
         {
+          // Ellipse right align text
           line += FString ("..");
           line += text.right(width - ellipsis_length);
           line += ' ';
         }
         else
         {
+          // Ellipse left align text and center text
           line += text.left(width - ellipsis_length);
           line += FString (".. ");
         }
diff --git a/src/fmenubar.cpp b/src/fmenubar.cpp
index 8fd89f2b..29d33884 100644
--- a/src/fmenubar.cpp
+++ b/src/fmenubar.cpp
@@ -682,25 +682,25 @@ bool FMenuBar::hotkeyMenu (FKeyEvent*& ev)
 
         if ( (*iter)->hasMenu() )
         {
-           FMenuItem* first_item;
-           FMenu* menu = (*iter)->getMenu();
-           (*iter)->setSelected();
-           setSelectedItem(*iter);
-           (*iter)->setFocus();
-           (*iter)->openMenu();
-           menu->selectFirstItem();
-           first_item = menu->getSelectedItem();
+          FMenuItem* first_item;
+          FMenu* menu = (*iter)->getMenu();
+          (*iter)->setSelected();
+          setSelectedItem(*iter);
+          (*iter)->setFocus();
+          (*iter)->openMenu();
+          menu->selectFirstItem();
+          first_item = menu->getSelectedItem();
 
-           if ( first_item )
-             first_item->setFocus();
+          if ( first_item )
+            first_item->setFocus();
 
-           menu->redraw();
+          menu->redraw();
 
-           if ( getStatusBar() )
-             getStatusBar()->drawMessage();
+          if ( getStatusBar() )
+            getStatusBar()->drawMessage();
 
-           redraw();
-           drop_down = true;
+          redraw();
+          drop_down = true;
         }
         else
         {
diff --git a/src/fonts/bdf2c.sh b/src/fonts/bdf2c.sh
index f983cc3b..9e39bfb2 100755
--- a/src/fonts/bdf2c.sh
+++ b/src/fonts/bdf2c.sh
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@ HEIGHT=16
 FONTFILE="8x16graph.bdf"
 
 (
-  echo -e "// newfont.h\n"
+  echo -e "// newfont.h\\n"
   echo -e "#ifndef FNEWFONT_H"
-  echo -e "#define FNEWFONT_H\n"
-  echo -e "\nstatic unsigned char __8x16graph[] =\n{"
+  echo -e "#define FNEWFONT_H\\n"
+  echo -e "\\nstatic unsigned char __8x16graph[] =\\n{"
 
   grep -A${HEIGHT} ^BITMAP "$FONTFILE" \
   | tr '\n' ',' \
@@ -26,6 +26,6 @@ FONTFILE="8x16graph.bdf"
   done
 
   echo -e "};"
-  echo -e "\n#endif  // FNEWFONT_H"
+  echo -e "\\n#endif  // FNEWFONT_H"
 ) > newfont.h
 
diff --git a/src/fonts/font2c.sh b/src/fonts/font2c.sh
index 49e37d01..1a38d074 100755
--- a/src/fonts/font2c.sh
+++ b/src/fonts/font2c.sh
@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@ HEIGHT=16
 FONTFILE="8x16std"
 
 (
-  echo -e "// vgafont.h\n"
+  echo -e "// vgafont.h\\n"
   echo -e "#ifndef FVGAFONT_H"
-  echo -e "#define FVGAFONT_H\n"
+  echo -e "#define FVGAFONT_H\\n"
 
   xxd -g 1 -i -c $HEIGHT $FONTFILE \
   | sed -e 's/ {$/\n{/' \
@@ -24,5 +24,5 @@ FONTFILE="8x16std"
     fi
   done
 
-  echo -e "\n#endif  // FVGAFONT_H"
+  echo -e "\\n#endif  // FVGAFONT_H"
 ) > vgafont.h
diff --git a/src/fstring.cpp b/src/fstring.cpp
index 9068d99b..40e8acd1 100644
--- a/src/fstring.cpp
+++ b/src/fstring.cpp
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ const FString& FString::operator += (const char* s)
 
   if ( wc_string )
   {
-    _insert (length, uInt(std::strlen(s)), wc_string);
+    _insert (length, uInt(std::wcslen(wc_string)), wc_string);
     delete[] wc_string;
   }
 
diff --git a/src/fterm.cpp b/src/fterm.cpp
index f5c6d0bd..ff7be6cf 100644
--- a/src/fterm.cpp
+++ b/src/fterm.cpp
@@ -451,13 +451,13 @@ int FTerm::parseKeyString ( char buffer[]
     // SGR mouse tracking
     if ( buffer[1] == '[' && buffer[2] == '<' && buf_len >= 9
         && (buffer[buf_len - 1] == 'M' || buffer[buf_len - 1] == 'm') )
-     return fc::Fkey_extended_mouse;
+      return fc::Fkey_extended_mouse;
 
     // urxvt mouse tracking
     if ( buffer[1] == '[' && buffer[2] >= '1' && buffer[2] <= '9'
         && buffer[3] >= '0' && buffer[3] <= '9' && buf_len >= 9
         && buffer[buf_len - 1] == 'M' )
-     return fc::Fkey_urxvt_mouse;
+      return fc::Fkey_urxvt_mouse;
 
     // look for termcap keys
     for (int i = 0; Fkey[i].tname[0] != 0; i++)
@@ -655,7 +655,7 @@ bool FTerm::setNewFont()
     pc_charset_console = true;
     Encoding = fc::PC;
 
-   if ( xterm_terminal && utf8_console )
+    if ( xterm_terminal && utf8_console )
       Fputchar = &FTerm::putchar_UTF8;
     else
       Fputchar = &FTerm::putchar_ASCII;
@@ -1271,7 +1271,7 @@ void FTerm::resetXTermDefaults()
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 void FTerm::saveColorMap()
 {
- // ioctl (0, GIO_CMAP, &color_map);
+  //ioctl (0, GIO_CMAP, &color_map);
 }
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1688,7 +1688,7 @@ void FTerm::initLinuxConsoleCharMap()
       || charEncode(c2, fc::PC) == charEncode(c2, fc::ASCII)
       || charEncode(c3, fc::PC) == charEncode(c3, fc::ASCII) )
   {
-     no_shadow_character = true;
+    no_shadow_character = true;
   }
 
   c4 = fc::RightHalfBlock;
@@ -1697,7 +1697,7 @@ void FTerm::initLinuxConsoleCharMap()
   if ( charEncode(c4, fc::PC) == charEncode(c4, fc::ASCII)
       || charEncode(c5, fc::PC) == charEncode(c5, fc::ASCII) )
   {
-     no_half_block_character = true;
+    no_half_block_character = true;
   }
 }
 #endif
@@ -2661,7 +2661,7 @@ char* FTerm::parseAnswerbackMsg (char*& current_termtype)
     return 0;
   }
 
-  if ( *answer_back == FString("PuTTY") )
+  if ( *answer_back == "PuTTY" )
   {
     putty_terminal = true;
 
@@ -2726,7 +2726,7 @@ char* FTerm::parseSecDA (char*& current_termtype)
 
     if ( num_components >= 2 )
     {
-      FString* sec_da_components = &sec_da_split[0];
+      const FString* sec_da_components = &sec_da_split[0];
 
       if ( ! sec_da_components[0].isEmpty() )
       {
diff --git a/src/fvterm.cpp b/src/fvterm.cpp
index 21ff90ed..c6ce5198 100644
--- a/src/fvterm.cpp
+++ b/src/fvterm.cpp
@@ -2509,7 +2509,7 @@ void FVTerm::updateTerminalLine (uInt y)
         print_char->attr.bit.printed = true;
 
         // skip character with no changes
-       if ( print_char->attr.bit.no_changes )
+        if ( print_char->attr.bit.no_changes )
         {
           uInt count = 1;
 
diff --git a/src/fwindow.cpp b/src/fwindow.cpp
index e028d52c..b6d08754 100644
--- a/src/fwindow.cpp
+++ b/src/fwindow.cpp
@@ -727,7 +727,7 @@ void FWindow::switchToPrevWindow()
           break;
         }
       }
-       while ( iter != begin );
+      while ( iter != begin );
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/test/string-operations.cpp b/test/string-operations.cpp
index fc3a6588..dca7d116 100644
--- a/test/string-operations.cpp
+++ b/test/string-operations.cpp
@@ -34,91 +34,91 @@ int main (int, char**)
   std::cout << "  instream >> " << in << std::endl;
 
   // Test: output stream (operator <<)
-  FString out = L"A test string for 0 \x20ac";
+  const FString& out = L"A test string for 0 \x20ac";
   std::cout << " outstream << " << out << std::endl;
 
   // Test: c-string output
   printf ("     c_str:  \"%s\"\n", out.c_str());
 
   // Test: copy a c++ string
-  FString cpp_str( std::string("c++ String") );
+  const FString& cpp_str( std::string("c++ String") );
   std::cout << "   cpp_str: \"" << cpp_str << "\"" << std::endl;
 
   // Test: copy a character
-  FString ch('c');
+  const FString& ch('c');
   std::cout << "      char: '" << ch << "'" << std::endl;
 
   // Test: copy a wide character
-  FString wch(L'w');
+  const FString& wch(L'w');
   std::cout << "   wchar_t: '" << wch << "'" << std::endl;
 
   // Test: utf-8 string
-  FString len = "длина́";
+  const FString& len = "длина́";
   std::cout << "    length: \"" << len << "\" has "
             << len.getLength() << " characters" << std::endl;
 
   // Test: convert uppercase letter to lowercase
-  FString lower = FString(L"InPut").toLower();
+  const FString& lower = FString(L"InPut").toLower();
   std::wcout << L"   toLower: " << lower << std::endl;
 
   // Test: convert lowercase letter to uppercase
-  FString upper = FString("inPut").toUpper();
+  const FString& upper = FString("inPut").toUpper();
   std::cout << "   toUpper: " << upper << std::endl;
 
   // Test: concatenate two FStrings (operator +)
-  FString add1 = FString("FString + ") + FString("FString");
+  const FString& add1 = FString("FString + ") + FString("FString");
   std::cout << "       add: " << add1 << std::endl;
 
   // Test: concatenate a FString and a c++ wide string (operator +)
-  FString add2 = FString("FString + ") + std::wstring(L"std::wstring");
+  const FString& add2 = FString("FString + ") + std::wstring(L"std::wstring");
   std::cout << "       add: " << add2 << std::endl;
 
   // Test: concatenate a FString and a wide string (operator +)
-  FString add3 = FString("FString + ") + const_cast<wchar_t*>(L"wchar_t*");
+  const FString& add3 = FString("FString + ") + const_cast<wchar_t*>(L"wchar_t*");
   std::cout << "       add: " << add3 << std::endl;
 
   // Test: concatenate a FString and a c++ string (operator +)
-  FString add4 = FString("FString + ") + std::string("std::string");
+  const FString& add4 = FString("FString + ") + std::string("std::string");
   std::cout << "       add: " << add4 << std::endl;
 
   // Test: concatenate a FString and a c-string (operator +)
-  FString add5 = FString("FString + ") + const_cast<char*>("char*");
+  const FString& add5 = FString("FString + ") + const_cast<char*>("char*");
   std::cout << "       add: " << add5 << std::endl;
 
   // Test: concatenate a FString and a wide character (operator +)
-  FString add6 = FString("FString + ") + wchar_t(L'w');
+  const FString& add6 = FString("FString + ") + wchar_t(L'w');
   std::cout << "       add: " << add6 << std::endl;
 
   // Test: concatenate a FString and a character (operator +)
-  FString add7 = FString("FString + ") + char('c');
+  const FString& add7 = FString("FString + ") + char('c');
   std::cout << "       add: " << add7 << std::endl;
 
   // Test: concatenate a character and a FString (operator +)
-  FString add8 = 'c' + FString(" + FString");
+  const FString& add8 = 'c' + FString(" + FString");
   std::cout << "       add: " << add8 << std::endl;
 
   // Test: concatenate a wide character and a FString (operator +)
-  FString add9 = L'w' + FString(" + FString");
+  const FString& add9 = L'w' + FString(" + FString");
   std::cout << "       add: " << add9 << std::endl;
 
   // Test: concatenate a c-string and a FString (operator +)
-  FString add10 = const_cast<char*>("char*") + FString(" + FString");
+  const FString& add10 = const_cast<char*>("char*") + FString(" + FString");
   std::cout << "       add: " << add10 << std::endl;
 
   // Test: concatenate a c++ string and a FString (operator +)
-  FString add11 = std::string("std::string") + FString(" + FString");
+  const FString& add11 = std::string("std::string") + FString(" + FString");
   std::cout << "       add: " << add11 << std::endl;
 
   // Test: concatenate a wide string and a FString (operator +)
-  FString add12 = const_cast<wchar_t*>(L"wchar_t*") + FString(" + FString");
+  const FString& add12 = const_cast<wchar_t*>(L"wchar_t*") + FString(" + FString");
   std::cout << "       add: " << add12 << std::endl;
 
   // Test: concatenate a c++ wide string and a FString (operator +)
-  FString add13 = std::wstring(L"std::wstring") + FString(" + FString");
+  const FString& add13 = std::wstring(L"std::wstring") + FString(" + FString");
   std::cout << "       add: " << add13 << std::endl;
 
   // Test: compare operators ==, <=, <, >=, >, !=
-  FString cmp = "compare";
+  const FString& cmp = "compare";
 
   if ( cmp == FString("compare") )
     std::cout << "       cmp: == Ok" << std::endl;
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ int main (int, char**)
   // Test: convert a string to a unsigned long interger
   try
   {
-    uLong ulong_num = FString("123456789").toULong();
+    const uLong ulong_num = FString("123456789").toULong();
     std::cout << "   toULong:  " << ulong_num << std::endl;
   }
   catch (const std::invalid_argument& ex)
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ int main (int, char**)
   // Test: convert a string to a signed long interger
   try
   {
-    long long_num = FString("-9876543210").toLong();
+    const long long_num = FString("-9876543210").toLong();
     std::cout << "    toLong:  " << long_num << std::endl;
   }
   catch (const std::invalid_argument& ex)
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ int main (int, char**)
 
   try
   {
-    double double_num = FString("2.7182818284590452353").toDouble();
+    const double double_num = FString("2.7182818284590452353").toDouble();
     std::ios_base::fmtflags save_flags = std::cout.flags();
     std::cout << "  toDouble:  " << std::setprecision(11)
                                  << double_num << std::endl;
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ int main (int, char**)
             << fnum2 << " (signed)"   << std::endl;
 
   // Test: remove whitespace from the end of a string
-  FString trim_str = "  A string \t";
+  const FString& trim_str = "  A string \t";
   std::wcout << "    rtrim: \""
              << trim_str.rtrim() << "\"" << std::endl;
 
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ int main (int, char**)
             << trim_str.trim()  << "\"" << std::endl;
 
   // Test: 11 characters from the left of the string
-  FString alphabet = "a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z";
+  const FString& alphabet = "a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z";
   std::cout << "     left: \""
             << alphabet.left(11)   << "\"" << std::endl;
 
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ int main (int, char**)
   }
 
   // Test: character access with std::iterator
-  FString stringIterator = "iterator";
+  const FString& stringIterator = "iterator";
   FString::iterator iter;
   iter = stringIterator.begin();
   std::cout << " " << stringIterator << ": ";
@@ -353,22 +353,22 @@ int main (int, char**)
 
   // Test: find and replace a substring
   FString source_str = "computer and software";
-  FString replace_str = source_str.replace("computer", "hard-");
+  const FString& replace_str = source_str.replace("computer", "hard-");
   std::cout << "  replace: "
             << replace_str << std::endl;
 
   // Test: convert tabs to spaces
-  FString tab_str = "1234\t5678";
+  const FString& tab_str = "1234\t5678";
   std::cout << "      tab: "
             << tab_str.expandTabs() << std::endl;
 
   // Test: backspaces remove characters in the string
-  FString bs_str = "t\b\bTesT\bt";
+  const FString& bs_str = "t\b\bTesT\bt";
   std::cout << "backspace: "
             << bs_str.removeBackspaces() << std::endl;
 
   // Test: delete characters remove characters in the string
-  FString del_str = "apple \177\177\177pietree";
+  const FString& del_str = "apple \177\177\177pietree";
   std::cout << "   delete: "
             << del_str.removeDel() << std::endl;
 }
diff --git a/test/windows.cpp b/test/windows.cpp
index ff77f751..566dcf50 100644
--- a/test/windows.cpp
+++ b/test/windows.cpp
@@ -75,13 +75,13 @@ smallWindow::smallWindow (FWidget* parent)
   right_arrow->ignorePadding();
   right_arrow->setGeometry (getWidth() - 1, 2, 1, 1);
 
-  FString top_left_label_text = "menu";
+  const FString& top_left_label_text = "menu";
   top_left_label = new FLabel (top_left_label_text, this);
   top_left_label->setForegroundColor (wc.label_inactive_fg);
   top_left_label->setEmphasis();
   top_left_label->setGeometry (1, 1, 6, 1);
 
-  FString top_right_label_text = "zoom";
+  const FString& top_right_label_text = "zoom";
   top_right_label = new FLabel (top_right_label_text, this);
   top_right_label->setAlignment (fc::alignRight);
   top_right_label->setForegroundColor (wc.label_inactive_fg);